To find the best insulating material by measuring how quickly water cools

Theory My reason for choosing fictile and coco palm as the high hat insulator is beca subrou prate comp eachs do plastic when producing snubgs to contain lovingness. An vitrine of this is a kettle, which uses plastic to go the heat in so that it does not escape. Plastic is also employ on the handles of pots and pans, which deal with a standoff of heat when cooking. Coconut is also a expert insulator because when you burn up down a coconut from the palm tree on that point is a lot of liquid inside of it. This liquid is kept inside of with unwrap having the liquid evapora give noticeg. When you combine the two together you get the best of both. You atomic number 18 also trapping air in between the two materials. there argon also three ways heat can voyage these as conduction, convection and radiation.Conduction This is the process in which heat is transferred from subatomic particle to molecule by vibrating into severally other hence passing the energy. All material s forego energy to pass finished them by conduction. The particles of a gas are spread out making them unretentive conductors of energy because they are so spread out.Convection If a temperature difference arises within a liquid or a gas, then fluid motion will almost surely occur. This transfers heat from one part of the fluid to another.Radiation The process of infection waves or particles through space, or some medium or such waves or particles themselves. Waves and particles slang legion(predicate) characteristics in common usu all(prenominal)y, however, the radiation is predominantly in one form or the other.Vari competents In this investigation there are many variables. I will shake to do many things to ensure this is a fair investigation.1. I will change the irrigate each clock snip I complete a set of results and use the same source of urine.2. I will use the same strapper mug for all experiments.3. I will heat all pissing supply to 80C4. I will work in the same conditions each time.5. I will use the same amount of material each time6. I will use a palpebra of tin interbreed each time.7. The mug will have one layer of tin fumble around it.8. The mug will be kept external from anything that may speed up the time it carry offs to coolSafety precautions To keep the experiment safe I shall* Wear goggles at all times due to the danger of hot water* Wear a thickened overall, which can be removed if any hot water is spilled.* Wear gloves to protect hands from being burnt.Equipment1 mug1 kettle1 thermometer1 heat mat1 water source1 of each material (5 in total)1 tin plunder lidMethodIn the experiment, I am passage to test 5 different materials in order to discover which is the best at insulating heat. We are to test the materials by wrapping them around a mug, which I will fill with 200ml of hot water at 80c and take the temperature every sensitive for 10 minutes. This will enable me to test the temperature stemma clearly. I will repeat this sequence 3 times for each material to make sure it is fair and take a carry over of averages at the end. I will be using a thermometer to account book the temperature, which is accurate to O.5c. The thermometer will be placed through the tin foil lid.Preliminary Experiment This is the first of the series in which I used only the mug with a layer of tin foil around it. I used no lid so I could see the effects of convection and then decide on whether to use a lid in the real experiments using materials. In this we tried to use 300ml of water but found it to be impractical so will use only 200ml for the nett experiment. Trying to get water at any temperature higher than 80oc was a rush and mistakes can be made in a rush so we will use 80oc in the final experiment. We tried using a data logger with a heat probe and a thermometer.We discovered cooling was very quick in this way so we will use a lid in the final experiment. We found the data logger to be rather fallible so will use the thermometer in the real experiment.Analysis.Graphs and tables on state sheet.Conclusion The interpret shows a trend with all the materials I have tested in that they all show negative correlation. As time goes on (as temperatures are displayed on the graph for every minute), the temperature of the water decreases. The graph shows the steady decline of temperature with the continuance of time over the ten minute testing time.The worthlesser insulating materials have occupyer declines. The better insulating materials have less steep/ flatter declines. There is a range between the temperatures of the water afterwards the ten minute testing time of 4.5 oC between the best and hit insulating material.In the early stages of the graph, the points ( of temperatures vs. time ) are all fairly blotto together. With the further continuance of time, larger ranges of temperature occur on the graph as aspects such as conduction, convection and radiation play further part in the cooling process. It is these 3 factors which an insulating material must contend with to determine how good it is at insulating heat.Conduction is the most influential factor of this cooling investigation so the better insulating materials needed to be good at trapping air to insulate heat as air is a poor thermal conductor which explains why felt up and coconut on plastic were better insulators than cotton for example because coconut on plastic and felt are both thick materials and made of matted fibres so were able to trap air and insulate the heat well. In theory, the wool should have been best at reducing conduction as it is very thickand matted but it has square gaps between each strand ofwool where it has been sown together allowing heat to pass through.The poor insulating materials (Nylon and cotton) are very thin so unable to trap air hence being poor thermal insulating materials.The graph reflects the influence of conduction as the materials best at reducing it cooled slo west.Convection occurs through the sides of the mug but mainly through the communicate of the mug. To prevent this I have used a tin foil lid. This makes it fajr for all testedmaterials as they all have convection reduced evenly out of the top of the mugleaving the material to insulate the convection occurring through the sides.Radiation can be absorbed or reflected by muddy surfaces and dull rough surfaces absorb more heat. This is much like the properties of coconut on plastic which is why it was good at insulating radiation because its out plastic could absorb radiation and the dull and rough inside coconut could also absorb heat. This is another reason why it performed best.